PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.